“So it was when Moses had completed writing the words of this law in a book, when they were finished, that Moses commanded the Levites, who bore the ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying: 'Take this Book of the Law, and put it beside the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God, that it may be there as a witness against you; for I know your rebellion and you stiff neck. If today, while I am yet alive with you, you have been rebellious against the Lord, then how much more after my death?'”
(Deuteronomy 31:24-27)

Reading Psalm106 you will notice the resemblance between this book and Sura al-Baqara: the enumeration of Allah's blessings upon them and His signs which He has shown them, yet each time they turn away and violate their covenant, worship other gods besides Allah, and reject Allah's blessing. For that reason, they are threatened by Allah:

“Therefore He raised up His hand in an oath against them, to overthrow them in the wilderness, to overthrow their descendents among the nations.”
(vv.26, 27)

“Many times He delivered them; but they rebelled in their counsel, and were brought low for their iniquity.”
(v.43)

With nearly identical terms they are rebuked in Nehemiah: 9.

As for Isaiah, he details and elaborates, but we will summarize with a few choice verses:

“Hear, O heavens, and give ear, O earth! For the Lord has spoken: 'I have nourished and brought up children, and they have rebelled against Me; the ox knows its owner and the donkey its master's crib; but Israel does not know, My people do not consider. Alas, sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a brood of evildoers, children who are corrupters! They have forsaken the Lord, they have provoked to anger the Holy One of Israel, they have turned backward. Why should you be stricken again? You will revolt more and more. The whole head is sick, and the whole heart faints. From the sole of the foot even to the head, there is no soundness in it, but wounds and bruises and putrefying sores; they have not been closed or bound up, or soothed with ointment.”
(1:2-6)

“Unless the Lord of Hosts had left to us a very small remnant, we would have become like Sodom, we would have been made like Gomorrah.”
(1:9)

“Hear the word of the Lord, you rulers of Sodom; give ear to the law of our God, you people of Gomorrah: 'To what purpose is the multitude of your sacrifices to Me?' says the Lord. 'I have had enough of burnt offerings of rams and the fat of fed cattle. I do not delight in the blood of bulls, or of lambs or goats. When you appear before Me, who has required this from your hand, to trample My courts? Bring no more futile sacrifices; incense is an abomination before Me. The New Moons, the Sabbaths, and the calling of assemblies- I cannot endure iniquity and the sacred meeting. Your New Moons and your appointed feasts My soul hates; they are a trouble to Me, I am weary of bearing them. When you spread out your hands I will hide My eyes from you; Even though you make many prayers, I will not hear. Your hands are full of blood.'”
(1:10-15)

“How the faithful city has become a harlot! It was full of justice; righteousness lodged in it, but now murderers. Your silver has become dross, your wine mixed with water. Your princes are rebellious, and companions of thieves; everyone loves bribes, and follows after rewards. They do not defend the fatherless, nor does the cause of the widow come before them. Therefore the Lord says, the Lord of hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, 'Ah, I will rid Myself of My adversaries, I will take vengeance on My enemies. I will turn My hand against you, and thoroughly purge away your dross, and take away all your alloy.'”
(1:21-25)

“Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; who put darkness for light, and light for darkness; who put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter! Woe to those who are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight! Woe to men mighty at drinking wine, woe to men valiant for mixing intoxicating drink, who justify the wicked for a bribe, and take away justice from the righteous man! Therefore, as the fire devours the stubble, and the flame consumes the chaff, so their root will be as rottenness, and their blossom will ascend like dust; because they have rejected the law of the Lord of hosts, and despised the word of the Holy One of Israel. Therefore, the anger of the Lord is aroused against them and stricken them, and the hills trembled. Their carcasses were as refuse in the middle of the streets. For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still.”
(5:20-25)

After this the prophet predicts the punishment that will befall them, realizing that at the time the Jews were in the Babylonian captivity, and had no state or gathering:

“He will lift up a banner to the nations from afar, and will whistle to them from the end of the earth; surely they shall come with speed, swiftly. No one will be weary or stumble among them, no one will slumber or sleep; nor will the belt on their loins be loosed, nor the strap of their sandals be broken; whose arrows are sharp, and all their bows bent; their horses' hooves will seem like flint, and their wheels like a whirlwind. Their roaring will be like a lion, they will roar like lions; yes, they will roar and lay hold of prey; they will carry it away safely, and no one will deliver. In that day they will roar against them like the roaring of the sea. And if one looks to the land, behold, darkness and sorrow; and the light is darkened by clouds.”
(5:26-30)

We will discuss the description of this nation which Allah will honor with the privilege of fighting a war against His enemies, in greater detail later in this book. Isaiah later says:

“Your iniquities have separated you from your God; and your sins have hidden His face from you, so that He will not hear. For your hands are defiled with blood, and your fingers with iniquity; your lips have spoken lies, your tongue has muttered perversity. No one calls for justice, nor does any plead for truth. They trust in empty words and speak lies; they conceive evil and bring forth iniquity. They hatch vipers' eggs and weave the spider's web; He who eats of their eggs dies, and from that which is crushed a viper breaks out. Their webs will not become garments, nor will they cover themselves with their works; their works are works of iniquity, and the act of violence is in their hands. “Their feet run to evil and they hasten to shed innocent blood; their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity; wasting and destruction are in their paths. The way of peace they have not known, and there is no justice in their ways; they have made themselves crooked paths; whoever takes that way shall not know peace.

“Therefore, justice is far away from us, nor does righteousness overtake us; we look for light, but there is darkness! For brightness, but we walk in blackness! We grope for the wall like the blind, and we grope as if we had no eyes; we stumble in noonday as at twilight; we are as dead men in desolate places.

“We all growl like bears, and moan like doves; we look for justice, but there is none; for salvation, but it is far from us. For our transgressions are multiplied before You, and our sins testify against us; for our transgressions are with us, and as for our iniquities, we know them:

“In transgressing and lying against the Lord, and departing from our God, speaking oppression and revolt, conceiving and uttering from the heart the words of falsehood. Justice is turned back, and righteousness stands off; for truth is fallen in the street, and equity cannot enter. So truth fails, and he who departs from evil makes himself a prey.

“Then the Lord saw it, and I displeased Him that there was no justice… For He put on righteousness as a breastplate, and a helmet of salvation on His head; He put on the garments of vengeance for clothing, and was clad with zeal as a cloak. According to their deeds, accordingly He will repay, fury to His adversaries, recompense to His enemies.”
(59:2-18)

“Son of man, I am sending you to a rebellious nation that has rebelled against Me; they and their fathers have transgressed against me to this very day. For they are impudent and stubborn children. I am sending you to them, and you shall say to them, 'Thus, says the Lord God.' As for them, whether they hear or whether they refuse –for they are a rebellious house- yet they will know that a prophet has been among them… Do not be afraid of them nor afraid of their words, though briers and thorns are with you and you dwell among scorpions; do not be afraid of their words or dismayed by their looks, though they are a rebellious house.”
(2:3-8)

“Hear now, O heads of Jacob, and you rulers of the house of Israel: Is it not for you to know justice? You who hate good and love evil; who strip the skin of My people, and the flesh from their bones; who also eat the flesh of My people… Thus says the Lord concerning the [false] prophets who make people stray; who chant 'Peace' while they chew with their teeth, who puts nothing into their mouths.”

“You heads of the house of Jacob and rulers of the house of Israel, who abhor justice and pervert equity, who build up Zion with bloodshed and Jerusalem with iniquity…” (3:1-5, 9-12)

“Surely, had I sent you to them [non-Jews], they would have listened to you. But the house of Israel will not listen to you, because they will not listen to Me; for all the house of Israel are impudent and hard-hearted.”
(Ezekial 3:6-7)

The phrase 'because they are a rebellious house,' is repeated like a refrain throughout the book.

“Do horses run on rocks? Does one plow there with oxen? Yet you have turned justice into gall, and the fruit of righteousness into wormwood… 'But, behold, I will raise up a nation against you, O house of Israel,' says the Lord God of hosts; 'and they will afflict you from the entrance of Hamath to the Valley of the Arabah.'”
(6:12-14)